1, Cuprous oxide can be dissolved in hydrochloric acid to generate HCuCl2 (cuprous chloride complex), can also be dissolved in sulfuric acid and nitric acid respectively to form copper sulfate and copper nitrate.
2. Although cuprous oxide is stable in dry air, it will be slowly oxidized in wet air to generate copper oxide, so it can be used as a deoxidizing agent; In addition, it is easy to reduce it to copper with reducing agent.
3, cuprous oxide is insoluble in water, and ammonia water solution, concentrated halogen acid to form complex and dissolve, easy to dissolve in alkaline water solution.
4, disproportionated into bivalent copper in acidic solution, indicating that in solution, the stability of bivalent copper ions is greater than that of copper ions, such as cuprous oxide and sulfuric acid reaction, copper sulfate and copper.
Cuprous oxide is highly toxic. When the content of cuprous oxide dust in the air reaches 0.22 ~ 14mg/m3, it will cause acute poisoning after 1 ~ 2 hours of work, which is manifested as headache, weakness, redness of pharynx and conjunctiva, nausea, muscle pain, sometimes vomiting and diarrhea, fatigue and elevated body temperature. After a day, the body temperature may return to normal, but there is still weakness, headache, dizziness, rapid pulse count, and lymphocytosis. Chronic poisoning of cuprous oxide is manifested as: the local skin, hair and conjunctiva of the eyes of workers exposed to copper compounds sometimes turn pale yellow or dark green, with dark red or magenta margins on the gums. Has an irritating effect on the skin, the dust irritates the eyes, and causes corneal ulcers. For acute poisoning, some concentration of K4[Fe(CN)6] solution is used to wash the stomach, take milk and other measures. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 0.1mg/m3. Wear a mask, dust glasses, protective overalls, and take a shower after work.
Cuprous oxide is mainly used in the manufacture of ship bottom antifouling paint to kill low-grade Marine animals, and is also used as an agricultural fungicide. Cuprous oxide is also used as a colorant for ceramics and enamels, red glass dyeing agent, but also used to manufacture a variety of copper salts and analytical reagents.
Cuprous oxide is used to make copper ruby glass. The colloidal copper precipitates out of this glass during melting, thus showing the red color of copper ruby glass.
Increasing the content of silicon oxide in glass results in a good and stable color. To make copper ruby glass, tartrate or carbon powder, a reducing agent which is compatible with cuprous oxide, is added to the compound composition.
In addition, the addition of tin in the form of salt oxides in the compound, plays the role of protecting colloid, hinder the colorant grain overgrowth, grain overgrowth assembly to form “liver color”.
Cuprous oxide according to the amount of its different, the glass into blue or green, at this time it is best to add saltpeter in the compound. A mixture of copper oxide and oxide can give the glass a beautiful blue color. To get the green color, a compound of copper and iron or chromium can be applied simultaneously. In order to obtain emerald color, additional iron oxide must be added to the compound. Adding 2 ~ 3%B203 and saltpeter to the compound can enhance the luster of glass.
Cuprous oxide for ships antifouling bottom dyeing, can be used as glass, ceramic red pigment, crop fungicide and rectifier materials; Also used in the manufacture of various copper salts, analytical reagents and so on.
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